Передаем на тест

2026-01-27 16:32:08 +03:00
parent cc244c2d86
commit d3c3a80ed2
42 changed files with 2836 additions and 140 deletions
--- a/backend/src/api/auth.py
+++ b/backend/src/api/auth.py
@@ -1,59 +1,108 @@
-# [DEF:AuthModule:Module]
-# @SEMANTICS: auth, authentication, adfs, oauth, middleware
-# @PURPOSE: Implements ADFS authentication using Authlib for FastAPI. It provides a dependency to protect endpoints.
-# @LAYER: UI (API)
-# @RELATION: Used by API routers to protect endpoints that require authentication.
+# [DEF:backend.src.api.auth:Module]
+#
+# @SEMANTICS: api, auth, routes, login, logout
+# @PURPOSE:   Authentication API endpoints.
+# @LAYER:     API
+# @RELATION:  USES -> backend.src.services.auth_service.AuthService
+# @RELATION:  USES -> backend.src.core.database.get_auth_db
+#
+# @INVARIANT: All auth endpoints must return consistent error codes.

-from fastapi import Depends, HTTPException, status
-from fastapi.security import OAuth2AuthorizationCodeBearer
-from authlib.integrations.starlette_client import OAuth
-from starlette.config import Config
+# [SECTION: IMPORTS]
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, status
+from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordRequestForm
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from ..core.database import get_auth_db
+from ..services.auth_service import AuthService
+from ..schemas.auth import Token, User as UserSchema
+from ..dependencies import get_current_user
+from ..core.auth.oauth import oauth
+from ..core.auth.logger import log_security_event
+from ..core.logger import belief_scope
+import starlette.requests
+# [/SECTION]

-# Placeholder for ADFS configuration. In a real app, this would come from a secure source.
-# Create an in-memory .env file
-from io import StringIO
-config_data = StringIO("""
-ADFS_CLIENT_ID=your-client-id
-ADFS_CLIENT_SECRET=your-client-secret
-ADFS_SERVER_METADATA_URL=https://your-adfs-server/.well-known/openid-configuration
-""")
-config = Config(config_data)
-oauth = OAuth(config)
+# [DEF:router:Variable]
+# @PURPOSE: APIRouter instance for authentication routes.
+router = APIRouter(prefix="/api/auth", tags=["auth"])
+# [/DEF:router:Variable]

-oauth.register(
-    name='adfs',
-    server_metadata_url=config('ADFS_SERVER_METADATA_URL'),
-    client_kwargs={'scope': 'openid profile email'}
-)
+# [DEF:login_for_access_token:Function]
+# @PURPOSE: Authenticates a user and returns a JWT access token.
+# @PRE:     form_data contains username and password.
+# @POST:    Returns a Token object on success.
+# @THROW:   HTTPException 401 if authentication fails.
+# @PARAM:   form_data (OAuth2PasswordRequestForm) - Login credentials.
+# @PARAM:   db (Session) - Auth database session.
+# @RETURN:  Token - The generated JWT token.
+@router.post("/login", response_model=Token)
+async def login_for_access_token(
+    form_data: OAuth2PasswordRequestForm = Depends(),
+    db: Session = Depends(get_auth_db)
+):
+    with belief_scope("api.auth.login"):
+        auth_service = AuthService(db)
+        user = auth_service.authenticate_user(form_data.username, form_data.password)
+        if not user:
+            log_security_event("LOGIN_FAILED", form_data.username, {"reason": "Invalid credentials"})
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+                detail="Incorrect username or password",
+                headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
+            )
+        log_security_event("LOGIN_SUCCESS", user.username, {"source": "LOCAL"})
+        return auth_service.create_session(user)
+# [/DEF:login_for_access_token:Function]

-oauth2_scheme = OAuth2AuthorizationCodeBearer(
-    authorizationUrl="https://your-adfs-server/adfs/oauth2/authorize",
-    tokenUrl="https://your-adfs-server/adfs/oauth2/token",
-)
+# [DEF:read_users_me:Function]
+# @PURPOSE: Retrieves the profile of the currently authenticated user.
+# @PRE:     Valid JWT token provided.
+# @POST:    Returns the current user's data.
+# @PARAM:   current_user (UserSchema) - The user extracted from the token.
+# @RETURN:  UserSchema - The current user profile.
+@router.get("/me", response_model=UserSchema)
+async def read_users_me(current_user: UserSchema = Depends(get_current_user)):
+    with belief_scope("api.auth.me"):
+        return current_user
+# [/DEF:read_users_me:Function]

-# [DEF:get_current_user:Function]
-# @PURPOSE: Dependency to get the current user from the ADFS token.
-# @PARAM: token (str) - The OAuth2 bearer token.
-# @PRE: token should be provided via Authorization header.
-# @POST: Returns user details if authenticated, else raises 401.
-# @RETURN: Dict[str, str] - User information.
-async def get_current_user(token: str = Depends(oauth2_scheme)):
-    """
-    Dependency to get the current user from the ADFS token.
-    This is a placeholder and needs to be fully implemented.
-    """
-    # In a real implementation, you would:
-    # 1. Validate the token with ADFS.
-    # 2. Fetch user information.
-    # 3. Create a user object.
-    # For now, we'll just check if a token exists.
-    if not token:
-        raise HTTPException(
-            status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
-            detail="Not authenticated",
-            headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
-        )
-    # A real implementation would return a user object.
-    return {"placeholder_user": "user@example.com"}
-# [/DEF:get_current_user:Function]
-# [/DEF:AuthModule:Module]
+# [DEF:logout:Function]
+# @PURPOSE: Logs out the current user (placeholder for session revocation).
+# @PRE:     Valid JWT token provided.
+# @POST:    Returns success message.
+@router.post("/logout")
+async def logout(current_user: UserSchema = Depends(get_current_user)):
+    with belief_scope("api.auth.logout"):
+        log_security_event("LOGOUT", current_user.username)
+        # In a stateless JWT setup, client-side token deletion is primary.
+        # Server-side revocation (blacklisting) can be added here if needed.
+        return {"message": "Successfully logged out"}
+# [/DEF:logout:Function]
+
+# [DEF:login_adfs:Function]
+# @PURPOSE: Initiates the ADFS OIDC login flow.
+# @POST:    Redirects the user to ADFS.
+@router.get("/login/adfs")
+async def login_adfs(request: starlette.requests.Request):
+    with belief_scope("api.auth.login_adfs"):
+        redirect_uri = request.url_for('auth_callback_adfs')
+        return await oauth.adfs.authorize_redirect(request, str(redirect_uri))
+# [/DEF:login_adfs:Function]
+
+# [DEF:auth_callback_adfs:Function]
+# @PURPOSE: Handles the callback from ADFS after successful authentication.
+# @POST:    Provisions user JIT and returns session token.
+@router.get("/callback/adfs", name="auth_callback_adfs")
+async def auth_callback_adfs(request: starlette.requests.Request, db: Session = Depends(get_auth_db)):
+    with belief_scope("api.auth.callback_adfs"):
+        token = await oauth.adfs.authorize_access_token(request)
+        user_info = token.get('userinfo')
+        if not user_info:
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Failed to retrieve user info from ADFS")
+        
+        auth_service = AuthService(db)
+        user = auth_service.provision_adfs_user(user_info)
+        return auth_service.create_session(user)
+# [/DEF:auth_callback_adfs:Function]
+
+# [/DEF:backend.src.api.auth:Module]
--- a/backend/src/api/routes/init.py
+++ b/backend/src/api/routes/init.py
@@ -1 +1 @@
-from . import plugins, tasks, settings, connections, environments, mappings, migration, git, storage
+from . import plugins, tasks, settings, connections, environments, mappings, migration, git, storage, admin
--- a/backend/src/api/routes/admin.py
+++ b/backend/src/api/routes/admin.py
@@ -0,0 +1,305 @@
+# [DEF:backend.src.api.routes.admin:Module]
+#
+# @SEMANTICS: api, admin, users, roles, permissions
+# @PURPOSE:   Admin API endpoints for user and role management.
+# @LAYER:     API
+# @RELATION:  USES -> backend.src.core.auth.repository.AuthRepository
+# @RELATION:  USES -> backend.src.dependencies.has_permission
+#
+# @INVARIANT: All endpoints in this module require 'Admin' role or 'admin' scope.
+
+# [SECTION: IMPORTS]
+from typing import List
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, status
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from ...core.database import get_auth_db
+from ...core.auth.repository import AuthRepository
+from ...core.auth.security import get_password_hash
+from ...schemas.auth import (
+    User as UserSchema, UserCreate, UserUpdate,
+    RoleSchema, RoleCreate, RoleUpdate, PermissionSchema,
+    ADGroupMappingSchema, ADGroupMappingCreate
+)
+from ...models.auth import User, Role, Permission, ADGroupMapping
+from ...dependencies import has_permission, get_current_user
+from ...core.logger import belief_scope
+# [/SECTION]
+
+# [DEF:router:Variable]
+# @PURPOSE: APIRouter instance for admin routes.
+router = APIRouter(prefix="/api/admin", tags=["admin"])
+# [/DEF:router:Variable]
+
+# [DEF:list_users:Function]
+# @PURPOSE: Lists all registered users.
+# @PRE:     Current user has 'Admin' role.
+# @POST:    Returns a list of UserSchema objects.
+# @PARAM:   db (Session) - Auth database session.
+# @RETURN:  List[UserSchema] - List of users.
+@router.get("/users", response_model=List[UserSchema])
+async def list_users(
+    db: Session = Depends(get_auth_db),
+    _ = Depends(has_permission("admin:users", "READ"))
+):
+    with belief_scope("api.admin.list_users"):
+        users = db.query(User).all()
+        return users
+# [/DEF:list_users:Function]
+
+# [DEF:create_user:Function]
+# @PURPOSE: Creates a new local user.
+# @PRE:     Current user has 'Admin' role.
+# @POST:    New user is created in the database.
+# @PARAM:   user_in (UserCreate) - New user data.
+# @PARAM:   db (Session) - Auth database session.
+# @RETURN:  UserSchema - The created user.
+@router.post("/users", response_model=UserSchema, status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
+async def create_user(
+    user_in: UserCreate,
+    db: Session = Depends(get_auth_db),
+    _ = Depends(has_permission("admin:users", "WRITE"))
+):
+    with belief_scope("api.admin.create_user"):
+        repo = AuthRepository(db)
+        if repo.get_user_by_username(user_in.username):
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Username already exists")
+        
+        new_user = User(
+            username=user_in.username,
+            email=user_in.email,
+            password_hash=get_password_hash(user_in.password),
+            auth_source="LOCAL",
+            is_active=user_in.is_active
+        )
+        
+        for role_name in user_in.roles:
+            role = repo.get_role_by_name(role_name)
+            if role:
+                new_user.roles.append(role)
+        
+        db.add(new_user)
+        db.commit()
+        db.refresh(new_user)
+        return new_user
+# [/DEF:create_user:Function]
+
+# [DEF:update_user:Function]
+# @PURPOSE: Updates an existing user.
+@router.put("/users/{user_id}", response_model=UserSchema)
+async def update_user(
+    user_id: str,
+    user_in: UserUpdate,
+    db: Session = Depends(get_auth_db),
+    _ = Depends(has_permission("admin:users", "WRITE"))
+):
+    with belief_scope("api.admin.update_user"):
+        repo = AuthRepository(db)
+        user = repo.get_user_by_id(user_id)
+        if not user:
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="User not found")
+        
+        if user_in.email is not None:
+            user.email = user_in.email
+        if user_in.is_active is not None:
+            user.is_active = user_in.is_active
+        if user_in.password is not None:
+            user.password_hash = get_password_hash(user_in.password)
+        
+        if user_in.roles is not None:
+            user.roles = []
+            for role_name in user_in.roles:
+                role = repo.get_role_by_name(role_name)
+                if role:
+                    user.roles.append(role)
+        
+        db.commit()
+        db.refresh(user)
+        return user
+# [/DEF:update_user:Function]
+
+# [DEF:delete_user:Function]
+# @PURPOSE: Deletes a user.
+@router.delete("/users/{user_id}", status_code=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT)
+async def delete_user(
+    user_id: str,
+    db: Session = Depends(get_auth_db),
+    _ = Depends(has_permission("admin:users", "WRITE"))
+):
+    with belief_scope("api.admin.delete_user"):
+        repo = AuthRepository(db)
+        user = repo.get_user_by_id(user_id)
+        if not user:
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="User not found")
+        
+        db.delete(user)
+        db.commit()
+        return None
+# [/DEF:delete_user:Function]
+
+# [DEF:list_roles:Function]
+# @PURPOSE: Lists all available roles.
+# @RETURN:  List[RoleSchema] - List of roles.
+# @RELATION: CALLS -> backend.src.models.auth.Role
+@router.get("/roles", response_model=List[RoleSchema])
+async def list_roles(
+    db: Session = Depends(get_auth_db),
+    _ = Depends(has_permission("admin:roles", "READ"))
+):
+    with belief_scope("api.admin.list_roles"):
+        return db.query(Role).all()
+# [/DEF:list_roles:Function]
+
+# [DEF:create_role:Function]
+# @PURPOSE: Creates a new system role with associated permissions.
+# @PRE:     Role name must be unique.
+# @POST:    New Role record is created in auth.db.
+# @PARAM:   role_in (RoleCreate) - New role data.
+# @PARAM:   db (Session) - Auth database session.
+# @RETURN:  RoleSchema - The created role.
+# @SIDE_EFFECT: Commits new role and associations to auth.db.
+# @RELATION: CALLS -> backend.src.core.auth.repository.AuthRepository.get_permission_by_id
+@router.post("/roles", response_model=RoleSchema, status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
+async def create_role(
+    role_in: RoleCreate,
+    db: Session = Depends(get_auth_db),
+    _ = Depends(has_permission("admin:roles", "WRITE"))
+):
+    with belief_scope("api.admin.create_role"):
+        if db.query(Role).filter(Role.name == role_in.name).first():
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Role already exists")
+        
+        new_role = Role(name=role_in.name, description=role_in.description)
+        repo = AuthRepository(db)
+        
+        for perm_id_or_str in role_in.permissions:
+            perm = repo.get_permission_by_id(perm_id_or_str)
+            if not perm and ":" in perm_id_or_str:
+                res, act = perm_id_or_str.split(":", 1)
+                perm = repo.get_permission_by_resource_action(res, act)
+            
+            if perm:
+                new_role.permissions.append(perm)
+        
+        db.add(new_role)
+        db.commit()
+        db.refresh(new_role)
+        return new_role
+# [/DEF:create_role:Function]
+
+# [DEF:update_role:Function]
+# @PURPOSE: Updates an existing role's metadata and permissions.
+# @PRE:     role_id must be a valid existing role UUID.
+# @POST:    Role record is updated in auth.db.
+# @PARAM:   role_id (str) - Target role identifier.
+# @PARAM:   role_in (RoleUpdate) - Updated role data.
+# @PARAM:   db (Session) - Auth database session.
+# @RETURN:  RoleSchema - The updated role.
+# @SIDE_EFFECT: Commits updates to auth.db.
+# @RELATION: CALLS -> backend.src.core.auth.repository.AuthRepository.get_role_by_id
+@router.put("/roles/{role_id}", response_model=RoleSchema)
+async def update_role(
+    role_id: str,
+    role_in: RoleUpdate,
+    db: Session = Depends(get_auth_db),
+    _ = Depends(has_permission("admin:roles", "WRITE"))
+):
+    with belief_scope("api.admin.update_role"):
+        repo = AuthRepository(db)
+        role = repo.get_role_by_id(role_id)
+        if not role:
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Role not found")
+        
+        if role_in.name is not None:
+            role.name = role_in.name
+        if role_in.description is not None:
+            role.description = role_in.description
+        
+        if role_in.permissions is not None:
+            role.permissions = []
+            for perm_id_or_str in role_in.permissions:
+                perm = repo.get_permission_by_id(perm_id_or_str)
+                if not perm and ":" in perm_id_or_str:
+                    res, act = perm_id_or_str.split(":", 1)
+                    perm = repo.get_permission_by_resource_action(res, act)
+                
+                if perm:
+                    role.permissions.append(perm)
+        
+        db.commit()
+        db.refresh(role)
+        return role
+# [/DEF:update_role:Function]
+
+# [DEF:delete_role:Function]
+# @PURPOSE: Removes a role from the system.
+# @PRE:     role_id must be a valid existing role UUID.
+# @POST:    Role record is removed from auth.db.
+# @PARAM:   role_id (str) - Target role identifier.
+# @PARAM:   db (Session) - Auth database session.
+# @RETURN:  None
+# @SIDE_EFFECT: Deletes record from auth.db and commits.
+# @RELATION: CALLS -> backend.src.core.auth.repository.AuthRepository.get_role_by_id
+@router.delete("/roles/{role_id}", status_code=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT)
+async def delete_role(
+    role_id: str,
+    db: Session = Depends(get_auth_db),
+    _ = Depends(has_permission("admin:roles", "WRITE"))
+):
+    with belief_scope("api.admin.delete_role"):
+        repo = AuthRepository(db)
+        role = repo.get_role_by_id(role_id)
+        if not role:
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Role not found")
+        
+        db.delete(role)
+        db.commit()
+        return None
+# [/DEF:delete_role:Function]
+
+# [DEF:list_permissions:Function]
+# @PURPOSE: Lists all available system permissions for assignment.
+# @POST:    Returns a list of all PermissionSchema objects.
+# @PARAM:   db (Session) - Auth database session.
+# @RETURN:  List[PermissionSchema] - List of permissions.
+# @RELATION: CALLS -> backend.src.core.auth.repository.AuthRepository.list_permissions
+@router.get("/permissions", response_model=List[PermissionSchema])
+async def list_permissions(
+    db: Session = Depends(get_auth_db),
+    _ = Depends(has_permission("admin:roles", "READ"))
+):
+    with belief_scope("api.admin.list_permissions"):
+        repo = AuthRepository(db)
+        return repo.list_permissions()
+# [/DEF:list_permissions:Function]
+
+# [DEF:list_ad_mappings:Function]
+# @PURPOSE: Lists all AD Group to Role mappings.
+@router.get("/ad-mappings", response_model=List[ADGroupMappingSchema])
+async def list_ad_mappings(
+    db: Session = Depends(get_auth_db),
+    _ = Depends(has_permission("admin:settings", "READ"))
+):
+    with belief_scope("api.admin.list_ad_mappings"):
+        return db.query(ADGroupMapping).all()
+# [/DEF:list_ad_mappings:Function]
+
+# [DEF:create_ad_mapping:Function]
+# @PURPOSE: Creates a new AD Group mapping.
+@router.post("/ad-mappings", response_model=ADGroupMappingSchema)
+async def create_ad_mapping(
+    mapping_in: ADGroupMappingCreate,
+    db: Session = Depends(get_auth_db),
+    _ = Depends(has_permission("admin:settings", "WRITE"))
+):
+    with belief_scope("api.admin.create_ad_mapping"):
+        new_mapping = ADGroupMapping(
+            ad_group=mapping_in.ad_group,
+            role_id=mapping_in.role_id
+        )
+        db.add(new_mapping)
+        db.commit()
+        db.refresh(new_mapping)
+        return new_mapping
+# [/DEF:create_ad_mapping:Function]
+
+# [/DEF:backend.src.api.routes.admin:Module]
--- a/backend/src/api/routes/settings.py
+++ b/backend/src/api/routes/settings.py
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException
 from typing import List
 from ...core.config_models import AppConfig, Environment, GlobalSettings
 from ...models.storage import StorageConfig
-from ...dependencies import get_config_manager
+from ...dependencies import get_config_manager, has_permission
 from ...core.config_manager import ConfigManager
 from ...core.logger import logger, belief_scope
 from ...core.superset_client import SupersetClient
@@ -29,7 +29,10 @@ router = APIRouter()
 # @POST:    Returns masked AppConfig.
 # @RETURN: AppConfig - The current configuration.
@router.get("", response_model=AppConfig)
-async def get_settings(config_manager: ConfigManager = Depends(get_config_manager)):
+async def get_settings(
+    config_manager: ConfigManager = Depends(get_config_manager),
+    _ = Depends(has_permission("settings", "READ"))
+):
    with belief_scope("get_settings"):
        logger.info("[get_settings][Entry] Fetching all settings")
    config = config_manager.get_config().copy(deep=True)
@@ -49,7 +52,8 @@ async def get_settings(config_manager: ConfigManager = Depends(get_config_manage
@router.patch("/global", response_model=GlobalSettings)
 async def update_global_settings(
    settings: GlobalSettings,
-    config_manager: ConfigManager = Depends(get_config_manager)
+    config_manager: ConfigManager = Depends(get_config_manager),
+    _ = Depends(has_permission("settings", "WRITE"))
 ):
    with belief_scope("update_global_settings"):
        logger.info("[update_global_settings][Entry] Updating global settings")
@@ -62,7 +66,10 @@ async def update_global_settings(
 # @PURPOSE: Retrieves storage-specific settings.
 # @RETURN: StorageConfig - The storage configuration.
@router.get("/storage", response_model=StorageConfig)
-async def get_storage_settings(config_manager: ConfigManager = Depends(get_config_manager)):
+async def get_storage_settings(
+    config_manager: ConfigManager = Depends(get_config_manager),
+    _ = Depends(has_permission("settings", "READ"))
+):
    with belief_scope("get_storage_settings"):
        return config_manager.get_config().settings.storage
 # [/DEF:get_storage_settings:Function]
@@ -73,7 +80,11 @@ async def get_storage_settings(config_manager: ConfigManager = Depends(get_confi
 # @POST: Storage settings are updated and saved.
 # @RETURN: StorageConfig - The updated storage settings.
@router.put("/storage", response_model=StorageConfig)
-async def update_storage_settings(storage: StorageConfig, config_manager: ConfigManager = Depends(get_config_manager)):
+async def update_storage_settings(
+    storage: StorageConfig,
+    config_manager: ConfigManager = Depends(get_config_manager),
+    _ = Depends(has_permission("settings", "WRITE"))
+):
    with belief_scope("update_storage_settings"):
        is_valid, message = config_manager.validate_path(storage.root_path)
        if not is_valid:
@@ -91,7 +102,10 @@ async def update_storage_settings(storage: StorageConfig, config_manager: Config
 # @POST:    Returns list of environments.
 # @RETURN: List[Environment] - List of environments.
@router.get("/environments", response_model=List[Environment])
-async def get_environments(config_manager: ConfigManager = Depends(get_config_manager)):
+async def get_environments(
+    config_manager: ConfigManager = Depends(get_config_manager),
+    _ = Depends(has_permission("settings", "READ"))
+):
    with belief_scope("get_environments"):
        logger.info("[get_environments][Entry] Fetching environments")
    return config_manager.get_environments()
@@ -106,7 +120,8 @@ async def get_environments(config_manager: ConfigManager = Depends(get_config_ma
@router.post("/environments", response_model=Environment)
 async def add_environment(
    env: Environment,
-    config_manager: ConfigManager = Depends(get_config_manager)
+    config_manager: ConfigManager = Depends(get_config_manager),
+    _ = Depends(has_permission("settings", "WRITE"))
 ):
    with belief_scope("add_environment"):
        logger.info(f"[add_environment][Entry] Adding environment {env.id}")
--- a/backend/src/api/routes/tasks.py
+++ b/backend/src/api/routes/tasks.py
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ from pydantic import BaseModel
 from ...core.logger import belief_scope

 from ...core.task_manager import TaskManager, Task, TaskStatus, LogEntry
-from ...dependencies import get_task_manager
+from ...dependencies import get_task_manager, has_permission

 router = APIRouter()

@@ -33,7 +33,8 @@ class ResumeTaskRequest(BaseModel):
 # @RETURN: Task - The created task instance.
 async def create_task(
    request: CreateTaskRequest,
-    task_manager: TaskManager = Depends(get_task_manager)
+    task_manager: TaskManager = Depends(get_task_manager),
+    _ = Depends(lambda req: has_permission(f"plugin:{req.plugin_id}", "EXECUTE"))
 ):
    """
    Create and start a new task for a given plugin.
--- a/backend/src/app.py
+++ b/backend/src/app.py
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ from pathlib import Path
 project_root = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent.parent

 from fastapi import FastAPI, WebSocket, WebSocketDisconnect, Depends, Request, HTTPException
+from starlette.middleware.sessions import SessionMiddleware
 from fastapi.middleware.cors import CORSMiddleware
 from fastapi.staticfiles import StaticFiles
 from fastapi.responses import FileResponse
@@ -18,7 +19,8 @@ import os

 from .dependencies import get_task_manager, get_scheduler_service
 from .core.logger import logger, belief_scope
-from .api.routes import plugins, tasks, settings, environments, mappings, migration, connections, git, storage
+from .api.routes import plugins, tasks, settings, environments, mappings, migration, connections, git, storage, admin
+from .api import auth
 from .core.database import init_db

 # [DEF:App:Global]
@@ -55,6 +57,10 @@ async def shutdown_event():
    scheduler.stop()
 # [/DEF:shutdown_event:Function]

+# Configure Session Middleware (required by Authlib for OAuth2 flow)
+from .core.auth.config import auth_config
+app.add_middleware(SessionMiddleware, secret_key=auth_config.SECRET_KEY)
+
 # Configure CORS
 app.add_middleware(
    CORSMiddleware,
@@ -81,6 +87,8 @@ async def log_requests(request: Request, call_next):
 # [/DEF:log_requests:Function]

 # Include API routes
+app.include_router(auth.router)
+app.include_router(admin.router)
 app.include_router(plugins.router, prefix="/api/plugins", tags=["Plugins"])
 app.include_router(tasks.router, prefix="/api/tasks", tags=["Tasks"])
 app.include_router(settings.router, prefix="/api/settings", tags=["Settings"])
--- a/backend/src/core/auth/config.py
+++ b/backend/src/core/auth/config.py
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+# [DEF:backend.src.core.auth.config:Module]
+#
+# @SEMANTICS: auth, config, settings, jwt, adfs
+# @PURPOSE:   Centralized configuration for authentication and authorization.
+# @LAYER:     Core
+# @RELATION:  DEPENDS_ON -> pydantic
+#
+# @INVARIANT: All sensitive configuration must have defaults or be loaded from environment.
+
+# [SECTION: IMPORTS]
+from pydantic import Field
+from pydantic_settings import BaseSettings
+import os
+# [/SECTION]
+
+# [DEF:AuthConfig:Class]
+# @PURPOSE: Holds authentication-related settings.
+# @PRE:     Environment variables may be provided via .env file.
+# @POST:    Returns a configuration object with validated settings.
+class AuthConfig(BaseSettings):
+    # JWT Settings
+    SECRET_KEY: str = Field(default="super-secret-key-change-in-production", env="AUTH_SECRET_KEY")
+    ALGORITHM: str = "HS256"
+    ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES: int = 30
+    REFRESH_TOKEN_EXPIRE_DAYS: int = 7
+
+    # Database Settings
+    AUTH_DATABASE_URL: str = Field(default="sqlite:///./backend/auth.db", env="AUTH_DATABASE_URL")
+
+    # ADFS Settings
+    ADFS_CLIENT_ID: str = Field(default="", env="ADFS_CLIENT_ID")
+    ADFS_CLIENT_SECRET: str = Field(default="", env="ADFS_CLIENT_SECRET")
+    ADFS_METADATA_URL: str = Field(default="", env="ADFS_METADATA_URL")
+    
+    class Config:
+        env_file = ".env"
+        extra = "ignore"
+# [/DEF:AuthConfig:Class]
+
+# [DEF:auth_config:Variable]
+# @PURPOSE: Singleton instance of AuthConfig.
+auth_config = AuthConfig()
+# [/DEF:auth_config:Variable]
+
+# [/DEF:backend.src.core.auth.config:Module]
--- a/backend/src/core/auth/jwt.py
+++ b/backend/src/core/auth/jwt.py
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+# [DEF:backend.src.core.auth.jwt:Module]
+#
+# @SEMANTICS: jwt, token, session, auth
+# @PURPOSE:   JWT token generation and validation logic.
+# @LAYER:     Core
+# @RELATION:  DEPENDS_ON -> jose
+# @RELATION:  USES -> backend.src.core.auth.config.auth_config
+#
+# @INVARIANT: Tokens must include expiration time and user identifier.
+
+# [SECTION: IMPORTS]
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta
+from typing import Optional, List
+from jose import JWTError, jwt
+from .config import auth_config
+from ..logger import belief_scope
+# [/SECTION]
+
+# [DEF:create_access_token:Function]
+# @PURPOSE: Generates a new JWT access token.
+# @PRE:     data dict contains 'sub' (user_id) and optional 'scopes' (roles).
+# @POST:    Returns a signed JWT string.
+#
+# @PARAM:   data (dict) - Payload data for the token.
+# @PARAM:   expires_delta (Optional[timedelta]) - Custom expiration time.
+# @RETURN:  str - The encoded JWT.
+def create_access_token(data: dict, expires_delta: Optional[timedelta] = None) -> str:
+    with belief_scope("create_access_token"):
+        to_encode = data.copy()
+        if expires_delta:
+            expire = datetime.utcnow() + expires_delta
+        else:
+            expire = datetime.utcnow() + timedelta(minutes=auth_config.ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES)
+        
+        to_encode.update({"exp": expire})
+        encoded_jwt = jwt.encode(to_encode, auth_config.SECRET_KEY, algorithm=auth_config.ALGORITHM)
+        return encoded_jwt
+# [/DEF:create_access_token:Function]
+
+# [DEF:decode_token:Function]
+# @PURPOSE: Decodes and validates a JWT token.
+# @PRE:     token is a signed JWT string.
+# @POST:    Returns the decoded payload if valid.
+#
+# @PARAM:   token (str) - The JWT to decode.
+# @RETURN:  dict - The decoded payload.
+# @THROW:   jose.JWTError - If token is invalid or expired.
+def decode_token(token: str) -> dict:
+    with belief_scope("decode_token"):
+        payload = jwt.decode(token, auth_config.SECRET_KEY, algorithms=[auth_config.ALGORITHM])
+        return payload
+# [/DEF:decode_token:Function]
+
+# [/DEF:backend.src.core.auth.jwt:Module]
--- a/backend/src/core/auth/logger.py
+++ b/backend/src/core/auth/logger.py
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+# [DEF:backend.src.core.auth.logger:Module]
+#
+# @SEMANTICS: auth, logger, audit, security
+# @PURPOSE:   Audit logging for security-related events.
+# @LAYER:     Core
+# @RELATION:  USES -> backend.src.core.logger.belief_scope
+#
+# @INVARIANT: Must not log sensitive data like passwords or full tokens.
+
+# [SECTION: IMPORTS]
+from ..logger import logger, belief_scope
+from datetime import datetime
+# [/SECTION]
+
+# [DEF:log_security_event:Function]
+# @PURPOSE: Logs a security-related event for audit trails.
+# @PRE:     event_type and username are strings.
+# @POST:    Security event is written to the application log.
+# @PARAM:   event_type (str) - Type of event (e.g., LOGIN_SUCCESS, PERMISSION_DENIED).
+# @PARAM:   username (str) - The user involved in the event.
+# @PARAM:   details (dict) - Additional non-sensitive metadata.
+def log_security_event(event_type: str, username: str, details: dict = None):
+    with belief_scope("log_security_event", f"{event_type}:{username}"):
+        timestamp = datetime.utcnow().isoformat()
+        msg = f"[AUDIT][{timestamp}][{event_type}] User: {username}"
+        if details:
+            msg += f" Details: {details}"
+        logger.info(msg)
+# [/DEF:log_security_event:Function]
+
+# [/DEF:backend.src.core.auth.logger:Module]
--- a/backend/src/core/auth/oauth.py
+++ b/backend/src/core/auth/oauth.py
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+# [DEF:backend.src.core.auth.oauth:Module]
+#
+# @SEMANTICS: auth, oauth, oidc, adfs
+# @PURPOSE:   ADFS OIDC configuration and client using Authlib.
+# @LAYER:     Core
+# @RELATION:  DEPENDS_ON -> authlib
+# @RELATION:  USES -> backend.src.core.auth.config.auth_config
+#
+# @INVARIANT: Must use secure OIDC flows.
+
+# [SECTION: IMPORTS]
+from authlib.integrations.starlette_client import OAuth
+from .config import auth_config
+# [/SECTION]
+
+# [DEF:oauth:Variable]
+# @PURPOSE: Global Authlib OAuth registry.
+oauth = OAuth()
+# [/DEF:oauth:Variable]
+
+# [DEF:register_adfs:Function]
+# @PURPOSE: Registers the ADFS OIDC client.
+# @PRE:     ADFS configuration is provided in auth_config.
+# @POST:    ADFS client is registered in oauth registry.
+def register_adfs():
+    if auth_config.ADFS_CLIENT_ID:
+        oauth.register(
+            name='adfs',
+            client_id=auth_config.ADFS_CLIENT_ID,
+            client_secret=auth_config.ADFS_CLIENT_SECRET,
+            server_metadata_url=auth_config.ADFS_METADATA_URL,
+            client_kwargs={
+                'scope': 'openid email profile groups'
+            }
+        )
+# [/DEF:register_adfs:Function]
+
+# Initial registration
+register_adfs()
+
+# [/DEF:backend.src.core.auth.oauth:Module]
--- a/backend/src/core/auth/repository.py
+++ b/backend/src/core/auth/repository.py
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+# [DEF:backend.src.core.auth.repository:Module]
+#
+# @SEMANTICS: auth, repository, database, user, role
+# @PURPOSE:   Data access layer for authentication-related entities.
+# @LAYER:     Core
+# @RELATION:  DEPENDS_ON -> sqlalchemy
+# @RELATION:  USES -> backend.src.models.auth
+#
+# @INVARIANT: All database operations must be performed within a session.
+
+# [SECTION: IMPORTS]
+from typing import Optional, List
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from ...models.auth import User, Role, Permission, ADGroupMapping
+from ..logger import belief_scope
+# [/SECTION]
+
+# [DEF:AuthRepository:Class]
+# @PURPOSE: Encapsulates database operations for authentication.
+class AuthRepository:
+    # [DEF:__init__:Function]
+    # @PURPOSE: Initializes the repository with a database session.
+    # @PARAM:   db (Session) - SQLAlchemy session.
+    def __init__(self, db: Session):
+        self.db = db
+    # [/DEF:__init__:Function]
+
+    # [DEF:get_user_by_username:Function]
+    # @PURPOSE: Retrieves a user by their username.
+    # @PRE:     username is a string.
+    # @POST:    Returns User object if found, else None.
+    # @PARAM:   username (str) - The username to search for.
+    # @RETURN:  Optional[User] - The found user or None.
+    def get_user_by_username(self, username: str) -> Optional[User]:
+        with belief_scope("AuthRepository.get_user_by_username"):
+            return self.db.query(User).filter(User.username == username).first()
+    # [/DEF:get_user_by_username:Function]
+
+    # [DEF:get_user_by_id:Function]
+    # @PURPOSE: Retrieves a user by their unique ID.
+    # @PRE:     user_id is a valid UUID string.
+    # @POST:    Returns User object if found, else None.
+    # @PARAM:   user_id (str) - The user's unique identifier.
+    # @RETURN:  Optional[User] - The found user or None.
+    def get_user_by_id(self, user_id: str) -> Optional[User]:
+        with belief_scope("AuthRepository.get_user_by_id"):
+            return self.db.query(User).filter(User.id == user_id).first()
+    # [/DEF:get_user_by_id:Function]
+
+    # [DEF:get_role_by_name:Function]
+    # @PURPOSE: Retrieves a role by its name.
+    # @PRE:     name is a string.
+    # @POST:    Returns Role object if found, else None.
+    # @PARAM:   name (str) - The role name to search for.
+    # @RETURN:  Optional[Role] - The found role or None.
+    def get_role_by_name(self, name: str) -> Optional[Role]:
+        with belief_scope("AuthRepository.get_role_by_name"):
+            return self.db.query(Role).filter(Role.name == name).first()
+    # [/DEF:get_role_by_name:Function]
+
+    # [DEF:update_last_login:Function]
+    # @PURPOSE: Updates the last_login timestamp for a user.
+    # @PRE:     user object is a valid User instance.
+    # @POST:    User's last_login is updated in the database.
+    # @SIDE_EFFECT: Commits the transaction.
+    # @PARAM:   user (User) - The user to update.
+    def update_last_login(self, user: User):
+        with belief_scope("AuthRepository.update_last_login"):
+            from datetime import datetime
+            user.last_login = datetime.utcnow()
+            self.db.add(user)
+            self.db.commit()
+    # [/DEF:update_last_login:Function]
+
+    # [DEF:get_role_by_id:Function]
+    # @PURPOSE: Retrieves a role by its unique ID.
+    # @PRE:     role_id is a string.
+    # @POST:    Returns Role object if found, else None.
+    # @PARAM:   role_id (str) - The role's unique identifier.
+    # @RETURN:  Optional[Role] - The found role or None.
+    def get_role_by_id(self, role_id: str) -> Optional[Role]:
+        with belief_scope("AuthRepository.get_role_by_id"):
+            return self.db.query(Role).filter(Role.id == role_id).first()
+    # [/DEF:get_role_by_id:Function]
+
+    # [DEF:get_permission_by_id:Function]
+    # @PURPOSE: Retrieves a permission by its unique ID.
+    # @PRE:     perm_id is a string.
+    # @POST:    Returns Permission object if found, else None.
+    # @PARAM:   perm_id (str) - The permission's unique identifier.
+    # @RETURN:  Optional[Permission] - The found permission or None.
+    def get_permission_by_id(self, perm_id: str) -> Optional[Permission]:
+        with belief_scope("AuthRepository.get_permission_by_id"):
+            return self.db.query(Permission).filter(Permission.id == perm_id).first()
+    # [/DEF:get_permission_by_id:Function]
+
+    # [DEF:get_permission_by_resource_action:Function]
+    # @PURPOSE: Retrieves a permission by resource and action.
+    # @PRE:     resource and action are strings.
+    # @POST:    Returns Permission object if found, else None.
+    # @PARAM:   resource (str) - The resource name.
+    # @PARAM:   action (str) - The action name.
+    # @RETURN:  Optional[Permission] - The found permission or None.
+    def get_permission_by_resource_action(self, resource: str, action: str) -> Optional[Permission]:
+        with belief_scope("AuthRepository.get_permission_by_resource_action"):
+            return self.db.query(Permission).filter(
+                Permission.resource == resource,
+                Permission.action == action
+            ).first()
+    # [/DEF:get_permission_by_resource_action:Function]
+
+    # [DEF:list_permissions:Function]
+    # @PURPOSE: Lists all available permissions.
+    # @POST:    Returns a list of all Permission objects.
+    # @RETURN:  List[Permission] - List of permissions.
+    def list_permissions(self) -> List[Permission]:
+        with belief_scope("AuthRepository.list_permissions"):
+            return self.db.query(Permission).all()
+    # [/DEF:list_permissions:Function]
+
+# [/DEF:AuthRepository:Class]
+
+# [/DEF:backend.src.core.auth.repository:Module]
--- a/backend/src/core/auth/security.py
+++ b/backend/src/core/auth/security.py
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+# [DEF:backend.src.core.auth.security:Module]
+#
+# @SEMANTICS: security, password, hashing, bcrypt
+# @PURPOSE:   Utility for password hashing and verification using Passlib.
+# @LAYER:     Core
+# @RELATION:  DEPENDS_ON -> passlib
+#
+# @INVARIANT: Uses bcrypt for hashing with standard work factor.
+
+# [SECTION: IMPORTS]
+from passlib.context import CryptContext
+# [/SECTION]
+
+# [DEF:pwd_context:Variable]
+# @PURPOSE: Passlib CryptContext for password management.
+pwd_context = CryptContext(schemes=["bcrypt"], deprecated="auto")
+# [/DEF:pwd_context:Variable]
+
+# [DEF:verify_password:Function]
+# @PURPOSE: Verifies a plain password against a hashed password.
+# @PRE:     plain_password is a string, hashed_password is a bcrypt hash.
+# @POST:    Returns True if password matches, False otherwise.
+#
+# @PARAM:   plain_password (str) - The unhashed password.
+# @PARAM:   hashed_password (str) - The stored hash.
+# @RETURN:  bool - Verification result.
+def verify_password(plain_password: str, hashed_password: str) -> bool:
+    return pwd_context.verify(plain_password, hashed_password)
+# [/DEF:verify_password:Function]
+
+# [DEF:get_password_hash:Function]
+# @PURPOSE: Generates a bcrypt hash for a plain password.
+# @PRE:     password is a string.
+# @POST:    Returns a secure bcrypt hash string.
+#
+# @PARAM:   password (str) - The password to hash.
+# @RETURN:  str - The generated hash.
+def get_password_hash(password: str) -> str:
+    return pwd_context.hash(password)
+# [/DEF:get_password_hash:Function]
+
+# [/DEF:backend.src.core.auth.security:Module]
--- a/backend/src/core/database.py
+++ b/backend/src/core/database.py
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 # @LAYER:     Core
 # @RELATION:  DEPENDS_ON -> sqlalchemy
 # @RELATION:  USES -> backend.src.models.mapping
+# @RELATION:  USES -> backend.src.core.auth.config
 #
 # @INVARIANT: A single engine instance is used for the entire application.

@@ -16,44 +17,70 @@ from ..models.mapping import Base
 from ..models.task import TaskRecord
 from ..models.connection import ConnectionConfig
 from ..models.git import GitServerConfig, GitRepository, DeploymentEnvironment
+from ..models.auth import User, Role, Permission, ADGroupMapping
 from .logger import belief_scope
+from .auth.config import auth_config
 import os
 # [/SECTION]

 # [DEF:DATABASE_URL:Constant]
+# @PURPOSE: URL for the main mappings database.
 DATABASE_URL = os.getenv("DATABASE_URL", "sqlite:///./mappings.db")
 # [/DEF:DATABASE_URL:Constant]

 # [DEF:TASKS_DATABASE_URL:Constant]
+# @PURPOSE: URL for the tasks execution database.
 TASKS_DATABASE_URL = os.getenv("TASKS_DATABASE_URL", "sqlite:///./tasks.db")
 # [/DEF:TASKS_DATABASE_URL:Constant]

+# [DEF:AUTH_DATABASE_URL:Constant]
+# @PURPOSE: URL for the authentication database.
+AUTH_DATABASE_URL = auth_config.AUTH_DATABASE_URL
+# [/DEF:AUTH_DATABASE_URL:Constant]
+
 # [DEF:engine:Variable]
+# @PURPOSE: SQLAlchemy engine for mappings database.
 engine = create_engine(DATABASE_URL, connect_args={"check_same_thread": False})
 # [/DEF:engine:Variable]

 # [DEF:tasks_engine:Variable]
+# @PURPOSE: SQLAlchemy engine for tasks database.
 tasks_engine = create_engine(TASKS_DATABASE_URL, connect_args={"check_same_thread": False})
 # [/DEF:tasks_engine:Variable]

+# [DEF:auth_engine:Variable]
+# @PURPOSE: SQLAlchemy engine for authentication database.
+auth_engine = create_engine(AUTH_DATABASE_URL, connect_args={"check_same_thread": False})
+# [/DEF:auth_engine:Variable]
+
 # [DEF:SessionLocal:Class]
 # @PURPOSE: A session factory for the main mappings database.
+# @PRE: engine is initialized.
 SessionLocal = sessionmaker(autocommit=False, autoflush=False, bind=engine)
 # [/DEF:SessionLocal:Class]

 # [DEF:TasksSessionLocal:Class]
 # @PURPOSE: A session factory for the tasks execution database.
+# @PRE: tasks_engine is initialized.
 TasksSessionLocal = sessionmaker(autocommit=False, autoflush=False, bind=tasks_engine)
 # [/DEF:TasksSessionLocal:Class]

+# [DEF:AuthSessionLocal:Class]
+# @PURPOSE: A session factory for the authentication database.
+# @PRE: auth_engine is initialized.
+AuthSessionLocal = sessionmaker(autocommit=False, autoflush=False, bind=auth_engine)
+# [/DEF:AuthSessionLocal:Class]
+
 # [DEF:init_db:Function]
 # @PURPOSE: Initializes the database by creating all tables.
-# @PRE: engine and tasks_engine are initialized.
-# @POST: Database tables created.
+# @PRE: engine, tasks_engine and auth_engine are initialized.
+# @POST: Database tables created in all databases.
+# @SIDE_EFFECT: Creates physical database files if they don't exist.
 def init_db():
    with belief_scope("init_db"):
        Base.metadata.create_all(bind=engine)
        Base.metadata.create_all(bind=tasks_engine)
+        Base.metadata.create_all(bind=auth_engine)
 # [/DEF:init_db:Function]

 # [DEF:get_db:Function]
@@ -84,4 +111,18 @@ def get_tasks_db():
            db.close()
 # [/DEF:get_tasks_db:Function]

+# [DEF:get_auth_db:Function]
+# @PURPOSE: Dependency for getting an authentication database session.
+# @PRE: AuthSessionLocal is initialized.
+# @POST:    Session is closed after use.
+# @RETURN:  Generator[Session, None, None]
+def get_auth_db():
+    with belief_scope("get_auth_db"):
+        db = AuthSessionLocal()
+        try:
+            yield db
+        finally:
+            db.close()
+# [/DEF:get_auth_db:Function]
+
 # [/DEF:backend.src.core.database:Module]
--- a/backend/src/core/plugin_base.py
+++ b/backend/src/core/plugin_base.py
@@ -68,6 +68,18 @@ class PluginBase(ABC):
            pass
    # [/DEF:version:Function]

+    @property
+    # [DEF:required_permission:Function]
+    # @PURPOSE: Returns the required permission string to execute this plugin.
+    # @PRE: Plugin instance exists.
+    # @POST: Returns string permission.
+    # @RETURN: str - Required permission (e.g., "plugin:backup:execute").
+    def required_permission(self) -> str:
+        """The permission string required to execute this plugin."""
+        with belief_scope("required_permission"):
+            return f"plugin:{self.id}:execute"
+    # [/DEF:required_permission:Function]
+
    @property
    # [DEF:ui_route:Function]
    # @PURPOSE: Returns the frontend route for the plugin's UI, if applicable.
--- a/backend/src/dependencies.py
+++ b/backend/src/dependencies.py
@@ -1,16 +1,23 @@
 # [DEF:Dependencies:Module]
-# @SEMANTICS: dependency, injection, singleton, factory
+# @SEMANTICS: dependency, injection, singleton, factory, auth, jwt
 # @PURPOSE: Manages the creation and provision of shared application dependencies, such as the PluginLoader and TaskManager, to avoid circular imports.
 # @LAYER: Core
 # @RELATION: Used by the main app and API routers to get access to shared instances.

 from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Optional
+from fastapi import Depends, HTTPException, status
+from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordBearer
+from jose import JWTError
 from .core.plugin_loader import PluginLoader
 from .core.task_manager import TaskManager
 from .core.config_manager import ConfigManager
 from .core.scheduler import SchedulerService
-from .core.database import init_db
+from .core.database import init_db, get_auth_db
 from .core.logger import logger, belief_scope
+from .core.auth.jwt import decode_token
+from .core.auth.repository import AuthRepository
+from .models.auth import User

 # Initialize singletons
 # Use absolute path relative to this file to ensure plugins are found regardless of CWD
@@ -77,4 +84,70 @@ def get_scheduler_service() -> SchedulerService:
        return scheduler_service
 # [/DEF:get_scheduler_service:Function]

+# [DEF:oauth2_scheme:Variable]
+# @PURPOSE: OAuth2 password bearer scheme for token extraction.
+oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="api/auth/login")
+# [/DEF:oauth2_scheme:Variable]
+
+# [DEF:get_current_user:Function]
+# @PURPOSE: Dependency for retrieving the currently authenticated user from a JWT.
+# @PRE:     JWT token provided in Authorization header.
+# @POST:    Returns the User object if token is valid.
+# @THROW:   HTTPException 401 if token is invalid or user not found.
+# @PARAM:   token (str) - Extracted JWT token.
+# @PARAM:   db (Session) - Auth database session.
+# @RETURN:  User - The authenticated user.
+def get_current_user(token: str = Depends(oauth2_scheme), db = Depends(get_auth_db)):
+    with belief_scope("get_current_user"):
+        credentials_exception = HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+            detail="Could not validate credentials",
+            headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
+        )
+        try:
+            payload = decode_token(token)
+            username: str = payload.get("sub")
+            if username is None:
+                raise credentials_exception
+        except JWTError:
+            raise credentials_exception
+            
+        repo = AuthRepository(db)
+        user = repo.get_user_by_username(username)
+        if user is None:
+            raise credentials_exception
+        return user
+# [/DEF:get_current_user:Function]
+
+# [DEF:has_permission:Function]
+# @PURPOSE: Dependency for checking if the current user has a specific permission.
+# @PRE:     User is authenticated.
+# @POST:    Returns True if user has permission.
+# @THROW:   HTTPException 403 if permission is denied.
+# @PARAM:   resource (str) - The resource identifier.
+# @PARAM:   action (str) - The action identifier (READ, EXECUTE, WRITE).
+# @RETURN:  User - The authenticated user if permission granted.
+def has_permission(resource: str, action: str):
+    def permission_checker(current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user)):
+        with belief_scope("has_permission", f"{resource}:{action}"):
+            # Union of all permissions across all roles
+            for role in current_user.roles:
+                for perm in role.permissions:
+                    if perm.resource == resource and perm.action == action:
+                        return current_user
+            
+            # Special case for Admin role (full access)
+            if any(role.name == "Admin" for role in current_user.roles):
+                return current_user
+            
+            from .core.auth.logger import log_security_event
+            log_security_event("PERMISSION_DENIED", current_user.username, {"resource": resource, "action": action})
+                
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN,
+                detail=f"Permission denied for {resource}:{action}"
+            )
+    return permission_checker
+# [/DEF:has_permission:Function]
+
 # [/DEF:Dependencies:Module]
--- a/backend/src/models/auth.py
+++ b/backend/src/models/auth.py
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+# [DEF:backend.src.models.auth:Module]
+#
+# @SEMANTICS: auth, models, user, role, permission, sqlalchemy
+# @PURPOSE:   SQLAlchemy models for multi-user authentication and authorization.
+# @LAYER:     Domain
+# @RELATION:  INHERITS_FROM -> backend.src.models.mapping.Base
+#
+# @INVARIANT: Usernames and emails must be unique.
+
+# [SECTION: IMPORTS]
+import uuid
+from datetime import datetime
+from sqlalchemy import Column, String, Boolean, DateTime, ForeignKey, Table, Enum
+from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
+from .mapping import Base
+# [/SECTION]
+
+# [DEF:generate_uuid:Function]
+# @PURPOSE: Generates a unique UUID string.
+# @POST:    Returns a string representation of a new UUID.
+def generate_uuid():
+    return str(uuid.uuid4())
+# [/DEF:generate_uuid:Function]
+
+# [DEF:user_roles:Table]
+# @PURPOSE: Association table for many-to-many relationship between Users and Roles.
+user_roles = Table(
+    "user_roles",
+    Base.metadata,
+    Column("user_id", String, ForeignKey("users.id"), primary_key=True),
+    Column("role_id", String, ForeignKey("roles.id"), primary_key=True),
+)
+# [/DEF:user_roles:Table]
+
+# [DEF:role_permissions:Table]
+# @PURPOSE: Association table for many-to-many relationship between Roles and Permissions.
+role_permissions = Table(
+    "role_permissions",
+    Base.metadata,
+    Column("role_id", String, ForeignKey("roles.id"), primary_key=True),
+    Column("permission_id", String, ForeignKey("permissions.id"), primary_key=True),
+)
+# [/DEF:role_permissions:Table]
+
+# [DEF:User:Class]
+# @PURPOSE: Represents an identity that can authenticate to the system.
+# @RELATION: HAS_MANY -> Role (via user_roles)
+class User(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "users"
+    
+    id = Column(String, primary_key=True, default=generate_uuid)
+    username = Column(String, unique=True, index=True, nullable=False)
+    email = Column(String, unique=True, index=True, nullable=True)
+    password_hash = Column(String, nullable=True)
+    auth_source = Column(String, default="LOCAL") # LOCAL or ADFS
+    is_active = Column(Boolean, default=True)
+    created_at = Column(DateTime, default=datetime.utcnow)
+    last_login = Column(DateTime, nullable=True)
+    
+    roles = relationship("Role", secondary=user_roles, back_populates="users")
+# [/DEF:User:Class]
+
+# [DEF:Role:Class]
+# @PURPOSE: Represents a collection of permissions.
+# @RELATION: HAS_MANY -> User (via user_roles)
+# @RELATION: HAS_MANY -> Permission (via role_permissions)
+class Role(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "roles"
+    
+    id = Column(String, primary_key=True, default=generate_uuid)
+    name = Column(String, unique=True, index=True, nullable=False)
+    description = Column(String, nullable=True)
+    
+    users = relationship("User", secondary=user_roles, back_populates="roles")
+    permissions = relationship("Permission", secondary=role_permissions, back_populates="roles")
+# [/DEF:Role:Class]
+
+# [DEF:Permission:Class]
+# @PURPOSE: Represents a specific capability within the system.
+# @RELATION: HAS_MANY -> Role (via role_permissions)
+class Permission(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "permissions"
+    
+    id = Column(String, primary_key=True, default=generate_uuid)
+    resource = Column(String, nullable=False) # e.g. "plugin:backup"
+    action = Column(String, nullable=False)   # e.g. "READ", "EXECUTE", "WRITE"
+    
+    roles = relationship("Role", secondary=role_permissions, back_populates="permissions")
+# [/DEF:Permission:Class]
+
+# [DEF:ADGroupMapping:Class]
+# @PURPOSE: Maps an Active Directory group to a local System Role.
+# @RELATION: DEPENDS_ON -> Role
+class ADGroupMapping(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "ad_group_mappings"
+    
+    id = Column(String, primary_key=True, default=generate_uuid)
+    ad_group_name = Column(String, unique=True, index=True, nullable=False)
+    role_id = Column(String, ForeignKey("roles.id"), nullable=False)
+    
+    role = relationship("Role")
+# [/DEF:ADGroupMapping:Class]
+
+# [/DEF:backend.src.models.auth:Module]
--- a/backend/src/schemas/auth.py
+++ b/backend/src/schemas/auth.py
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+# [DEF:backend.src.schemas.auth:Module]
+#
+# @SEMANTICS: auth, schemas, pydantic, user, token
+# @PURPOSE:   Pydantic schemas for authentication requests and responses.
+# @LAYER:     API
+# @RELATION:  DEPENDS_ON -> pydantic
+#
+# @INVARIANT: Sensitive fields like password must not be included in response schemas.
+
+# [SECTION: IMPORTS]
+from typing import List, Optional
+from pydantic import BaseModel, EmailStr, Field
+from datetime import datetime
+# [/SECTION]
+
+# [DEF:Token:Class]
+# @PURPOSE: Represents a JWT access token response.
+class Token(BaseModel):
+    access_token: str
+    token_type: str
+# [/DEF:Token:Class]
+
+# [DEF:TokenData:Class]
+# @PURPOSE: Represents the data encoded in a JWT token.
+class TokenData(BaseModel):
+    username: Optional[str] = None
+    scopes: List[str] = []
+# [/DEF:TokenData:Class]
+
+# [DEF:PermissionSchema:Class]
+# @PURPOSE: Represents a permission in API responses.
+class PermissionSchema(BaseModel):
+    id: Optional[str] = None
+    resource: str
+    action: str
+
+    class Config:
+        from_attributes = True
+# [/DEF:PermissionSchema:Class]
+
+# [DEF:RoleSchema:Class]
+# @PURPOSE: Represents a role in API responses.
+class RoleSchema(BaseModel):
+    id: str
+    name: str
+    description: Optional[str] = None
+    permissions: List[PermissionSchema] = []
+
+    class Config:
+        from_attributes = True
+# [/DEF:RoleSchema:Class]
+
+# [DEF:RoleCreate:Class]
+# @PURPOSE: Schema for creating a new role.
+class RoleCreate(BaseModel):
+    name: str
+    description: Optional[str] = None
+    permissions: List[str] = [] # List of permission IDs or "resource:action" strings
+# [/DEF:RoleCreate:Class]
+
+# [DEF:RoleUpdate:Class]
+# @PURPOSE: Schema for updating an existing role.
+class RoleUpdate(BaseModel):
+    name: Optional[str] = None
+    description: Optional[str] = None
+    permissions: Optional[List[str]] = None
+# [/DEF:RoleUpdate:Class]
+
+# [DEF:ADGroupMappingSchema:Class]
+# @PURPOSE: Represents an AD Group to Role mapping in API responses.
+class ADGroupMappingSchema(BaseModel):
+    id: str
+    ad_group: str
+    role_id: str
+
+    class Config:
+        from_attributes = True
+# [/DEF:ADGroupMappingSchema:Class]
+
+# [DEF:ADGroupMappingCreate:Class]
+# @PURPOSE: Schema for creating an AD Group mapping.
+class ADGroupMappingCreate(BaseModel):
+    ad_group: str
+    role_id: str
+# [/DEF:ADGroupMappingCreate:Class]
+
+# [DEF:UserBase:Class]
+# @PURPOSE: Base schema for user data.
+class UserBase(BaseModel):
+    username: str
+    email: Optional[EmailStr] = None
+    is_active: bool = True
+# [/DEF:UserBase:Class]
+
+# [DEF:UserCreate:Class]
+# @PURPOSE: Schema for creating a new user.
+class UserCreate(UserBase):
+    password: str
+    roles: List[str] = []
+# [/DEF:UserCreate:Class]
+
+# [DEF:UserUpdate:Class]
+# @PURPOSE: Schema for updating an existing user.
+class UserUpdate(BaseModel):
+    email: Optional[EmailStr] = None
+    password: Optional[str] = None
+    is_active: Optional[bool] = None
+    roles: Optional[List[str]] = None
+# [/DEF:UserUpdate:Class]
+
+# [DEF:User:Class]
+# @PURPOSE: Schema for user data in API responses.
+class User(UserBase):
+    id: str
+    auth_source: str
+    created_at: datetime
+    last_login: Optional[datetime] = None
+    roles: List[RoleSchema] = []
+
+    class Config:
+        from_attributes = True
+# [/DEF:User:Class]
+
+# [/DEF:backend.src.schemas.auth:Module]
--- a/backend/src/scripts/create_admin.py
+++ b/backend/src/scripts/create_admin.py
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+# [DEF:backend.src.scripts.create_admin:Module]
+#
+# @SEMANTICS: admin, setup, user, auth, cli
+# @PURPOSE:   CLI tool for creating the initial admin user.
+# @LAYER:     Scripts
+# @RELATION:  USES -> backend.src.core.auth.security
+# @RELATION:  USES -> backend.src.core.database
+# @RELATION:  USES -> backend.src.models.auth
+#
+# @INVARIANT: Admin user must have the "Admin" role.
+
+# [SECTION: IMPORTS]
+import sys
+import argparse
+from pathlib import Path
+
+# Add src to path
+sys.path.append(str(Path(__file__).parent.parent.parent))
+
+from src.core.database import AuthSessionLocal, init_db
+from src.core.auth.security import get_password_hash
+from src.models.auth import User, Role, Permission
+from src.core.logger import logger, belief_scope
+# [/SECTION]
+
+# [DEF:create_admin:Function]
+# @PURPOSE: Creates an admin user and necessary roles/permissions.
+# @PRE:     username and password provided via CLI.
+# @POST:    Admin user exists in auth.db.
+#
+# @PARAM:   username (str) - Admin username.
+# @PARAM:   password (str) - Admin password.
+def create_admin(username, password):
+    with belief_scope("create_admin"):
+        db = AuthSessionLocal()
+        try:
+            # 1. Ensure Admin role exists
+            admin_role = db.query(Role).filter(Role.name == "Admin").first()
+            if not admin_role:
+                logger.info("Creating Admin role...")
+                admin_role = Role(name="Admin", description="System Administrator")
+                db.add(admin_role)
+                db.commit()
+                db.refresh(admin_role)
+
+            # 2. Check if user already exists
+            existing_user = db.query(User).filter(User.username == username).first()
+            if existing_user:
+                logger.warning(f"User {username} already exists.")
+                return
+
+            # 3. Create Admin user
+            logger.info(f"Creating admin user: {username}")
+            new_user = User(
+                username=username,
+                password_hash=get_password_hash(password),
+                auth_source="LOCAL",
+                is_active=True
+            )
+            new_user.roles.append(admin_role)
+            db.add(new_user)
+            db.commit()
+            logger.info(f"Admin user {username} created successfully.")
+            
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"Failed to create admin user: {e}")
+            db.rollback()
+        finally:
+            db.close()
+# [/DEF:create_admin:Function]
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Create initial admin user")
+    parser.add_argument("--username", required=True, help="Admin username")
+    parser.add_argument("--password", required=True, help="Admin password")
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+    
+    # Ensure DB is initialized before creating admin
+    init_db()
+    create_admin(args.username, args.password)
+
+# [/DEF:backend.src.scripts.create_admin:Module]
--- a/backend/src/scripts/init_auth_db.py
+++ b/backend/src/scripts/init_auth_db.py
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+# [DEF:backend.src.scripts.init_auth_db:Module]
+#
+# @SEMANTICS: setup, database, auth, migration
+# @PURPOSE:   Initializes the auth database and creates the necessary tables.
+# @LAYER:     Scripts
+# @RELATION:  CALLS -> backend.src.core.database.init_db
+#
+# @INVARIANT: Safe to run multiple times (idempotent).
+
+# [SECTION: IMPORTS]
+import sys
+import os
+from pathlib import Path
+
+# Add src to path
+sys.path.append(str(Path(__file__).parent.parent.parent))
+
+from src.core.database import init_db, auth_engine
+from src.core.logger import logger, belief_scope
+from src.scripts.seed_permissions import seed_permissions
+# [/SECTION]
+
+# [DEF:run_init:Function]
+# @PURPOSE: Main entry point for the initialization script.
+# @POST:    auth.db is initialized with the correct schema and seeded permissions.
+def run_init():
+    with belief_scope("init_auth_db"):
+        logger.info("Initializing authentication database...")
+        try:
+            init_db()
+            logger.info("Authentication database initialized successfully.")
+            
+            # Seed permissions
+            seed_permissions()
+            
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"Failed to initialize authentication database: {e}")
+            sys.exit(1)
+# [/DEF:run_init:Function]
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    run_init()
+
+# [/DEF:backend.src.scripts.init_auth_db:Module]
--- a/backend/src/scripts/seed_permissions.py
+++ b/backend/src/scripts/seed_permissions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+# [DEF:backend.src.scripts.seed_permissions:Module]
+#
+# @SEMANTICS: setup, database, auth, permissions, seeding
+# @PURPOSE:   Populates the auth database with initial system permissions.
+# @LAYER:     Scripts
+# @RELATION:  USES -> backend.src.core.database.get_auth_db
+# @RELATION:  USES -> backend.src.models.auth.Permission
+#
+# @INVARIANT: Safe to run multiple times (idempotent).
+
+# [SECTION: IMPORTS]
+import sys
+from pathlib import Path
+
+# Add src to path
+sys.path.append(str(Path(__file__).parent.parent.parent))
+
+from src.core.database import AuthSessionLocal
+from src.models.auth import Permission
+from src.core.logger import logger, belief_scope
+# [/SECTION]
+
+# [DEF:INITIAL_PERMISSIONS:Constant]
+INITIAL_PERMISSIONS = [
+    # Admin Permissions
+    {"resource": "admin:users", "action": "READ"},
+    {"resource": "admin:users", "action": "WRITE"},
+    {"resource": "admin:roles", "action": "READ"},
+    {"resource": "admin:roles", "action": "WRITE"},
+    {"resource": "admin:settings", "action": "READ"},
+    {"resource": "admin:settings", "action": "WRITE"},
+    
+    # Plugin Permissions
+    {"resource": "plugin:backup", "action": "EXECUTE"},
+    {"resource": "plugin:migration", "action": "EXECUTE"},
+    {"resource": "plugin:mapper", "action": "EXECUTE"},
+    {"resource": "plugin:search", "action": "EXECUTE"},
+    {"resource": "plugin:git", "action": "EXECUTE"},
+    {"resource": "plugin:storage", "action": "EXECUTE"},
+    {"resource": "plugin:debug", "action": "EXECUTE"},
+]
+# [/DEF:INITIAL_PERMISSIONS:Constant]
+
+# [DEF:seed_permissions:Function]
+# @PURPOSE: Inserts missing permissions into the database.
+# @POST:    All INITIAL_PERMISSIONS exist in the DB.
+def seed_permissions():
+    with belief_scope("seed_permissions"):
+        db = AuthSessionLocal()
+        try:
+            logger.info("Seeding permissions...")
+            count = 0
+            for perm_data in INITIAL_PERMISSIONS:
+                exists = db.query(Permission).filter(
+                    Permission.resource == perm_data["resource"],
+                    Permission.action == perm_data["action"]
+                ).first()
+                
+                if not exists:
+                    new_perm = Permission(
+                        resource=perm_data["resource"],
+                        action=perm_data["action"]
+                    )
+                    db.add(new_perm)
+                    count += 1
+            
+            db.commit()
+            logger.info(f"Seeding completed. Added {count} new permissions.")
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"Failed to seed permissions: {e}")
+            db.rollback()
+        finally:
+            db.close()
+# [/DEF:seed_permissions:Function]
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    seed_permissions()
+
+# [/DEF:backend.src.scripts.seed_permissions:Module]
--- a/backend/src/services/auth_service.py
+++ b/backend/src/services/auth_service.py
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+# [DEF:backend.src.services.auth_service:Module]
+#
+# @SEMANTICS: auth, service, business-logic, login, jwt
+# @PURPOSE:   Orchestrates authentication business logic.
+# @LAYER:     Service
+# @RELATION:  USES -> backend.src.core.auth.repository.AuthRepository
+# @RELATION:  USES -> backend.src.core.auth.security
+# @RELATION:  USES -> backend.src.core.auth.jwt
+#
+# @INVARIANT: Authentication must verify both credentials and account status.
+
+# [SECTION: IMPORTS]
+from typing import Optional, Dict, Any, List
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from ..models.auth import User, Role
+from ..core.auth.repository import AuthRepository
+from ..core.auth.security import verify_password, get_password_hash
+from ..core.auth.jwt import create_access_token
+from ..core.logger import belief_scope
+# [/SECTION]
+
+# [DEF:AuthService:Class]
+# @PURPOSE: Provides high-level authentication services.
+class AuthService:
+    # [DEF:__init__:Function]
+    # @PURPOSE: Initializes the service with a database session.
+    # @PARAM:   db (Session) - SQLAlchemy session.
+    def __init__(self, db: Session):
+        self.repo = AuthRepository(db)
+    # [/DEF:__init__:Function]
+
+    # [DEF:authenticate_user:Function]
+    # @PURPOSE: Authenticates a user with username and password.
+    # @PRE:     username and password are provided.
+    # @POST:    Returns User object if authentication succeeds, else None.
+    # @SIDE_EFFECT: Updates last_login timestamp on success.
+    # @PARAM:   username (str) - The username.
+    # @PARAM:   password (str) - The plain password.
+    # @RETURN:  Optional[User] - The authenticated user or None.
+    def authenticate_user(self, username: str, password: str):
+        with belief_scope("AuthService.authenticate_user"):
+            user = self.repo.get_user_by_username(username)
+            if not user:
+                return None
+            
+            if not user.is_active:
+                return None
+                
+            if not user.password_hash or not verify_password(password, user.password_hash):
+                return None
+            
+            self.repo.update_last_login(user)
+            return user
+    # [/DEF:authenticate_user:Function]
+
+    # [DEF:create_session:Function]
+    # @PURPOSE: Creates a JWT session for an authenticated user.
+    # @PRE:     user is a valid User object.
+    # @POST:    Returns a dictionary with access_token and token_type.
+    # @PARAM:   user (User) - The authenticated user.
+    # @RETURN:  Dict[str, str] - Session data.
+    def create_session(self, user) -> Dict[str, str]:
+        with belief_scope("AuthService.create_session"):
+            # Collect role names for scopes
+            scopes = [role.name for role in user.roles]
+            
+            token_data = {
+                "sub": user.username,
+                "scopes": scopes
+            }
+            
+            access_token = create_access_token(data=token_data)
+            return {
+                "access_token": access_token,
+                "token_type": "bearer"
+            }
+    # [/DEF:create_session:Function]
+
+    # [DEF:provision_adfs_user:Function]
+    # @PURPOSE: Just-In-Time (JIT) provisioning for ADFS users based on group mappings.
+    # @PRE:     user_info contains 'upn' (username), 'email', and 'groups'.
+    # @POST:    User is created/updated and assigned roles based on groups.
+    # @PARAM:   user_info (Dict[str, Any]) - Claims from ADFS token.
+    # @RETURN:  User - The provisioned user.
+    def provision_adfs_user(self, user_info: Dict[str, Any]) -> User:
+        with belief_scope("AuthService.provision_adfs_user"):
+            username = user_info.get("upn") or user_info.get("email")
+            email = user_info.get("email")
+            ad_groups = user_info.get("groups", [])
+            
+            user = self.repo.get_user_by_username(username)
+            if not user:
+                user = User(
+                    username=username,
+                    email=email,
+                    auth_source="ADFS",
+                    is_active=True
+                )
+                self.repo.db.add(user)
+            
+            # Update roles based on group mappings
+            from ..models.auth import ADGroupMapping
+            mapped_roles = self.repo.db.query(Role).join(ADGroupMapping).filter(
+                ADGroupMapping.ad_group_name.in_(ad_groups)
+            ).all()
+            
+            user.roles = mapped_roles
+            self.repo.db.commit()
+            self.repo.db.refresh(user)
+            return user
+    # [/DEF:provision_adfs_user:Function]
+
+# [/DEF:AuthService:Class]
+
+# [/DEF:backend.src.services.auth_service:Module]